An intercultural approach to “bad news” reporting as an embedded part-genreThe “local” rhetoric of Limitations in research articles

  1. Ana I. Moreno
Revista:
Ibérica: Revista de la Asociación Europea de Lenguas para Fines Específicos ( AELFE )

ISSN: 1139-7241 2340-2784

Año de publicación: 2022

Número: 44

Páginas: 101-126

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.17398/2340-2784.44.101 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Ibérica: Revista de la Asociación Europea de Lenguas para Fines Específicos ( AELFE )

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Acknowledging the limitations of one’s own research in empirical researcharticle Discussion and/or other closing sections is rhetorically challenging, andespecially for those aiming to publish in a foreign language. This paperhypothesizes that a part of the challenge may be due to cross-cultural differencesin the rhetorical strategies used for presenting these potentially self-damagingstatements. Adopting an intercultural rhetoric approach, two sub-samples ofLimitationswere drawn from two English/Spanish comparable corpora of thistype of sections in the social sciences. Then, the rhetorical purposes of theirsurrounding segments were compared from the lens of the “bad news” message.The results showed that most authors prepared the reader for the Limitations,although the preferred stylistic strategies for doing so varied across the twolanguages. Authors also tended to exploit a similar set of rhetorical purposes, butin different ways, to persuade readers about the acceptability of their own studylimitations. Specifically, in English it was conventional to sandwich the Limitationswith “good news”, including implications for future practice, to mitigate theirpossible negative effect. In contrast, in Spanish it was conventional to surroundthem with explications to display the authors’ expertise, while the only salientmitigating strategy was their attribution to an external factor. These divergentrhetorical practices may be understood in terms of different cultural writingstyles and authors’ understandings of impression management that wereuncovered through email interviews. I advocate for a critical interculturalawareness approach to training scholars in writing skills necessary for researchpublication purposes in different languages and contexts.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Auken, S. (2021). Genres inside genres. A short theory of embedded genre. Discourse and writing/Rédactologie, 31, 163–178. https://doi.org/10.31468/dwr.883
  • Baker, W. (2016) English as an academic lingua franca and intercultural awareness: student mobility in the transcultural university. Language and Intercultural Communication, 16(3), 437-451. https://doi.org//10.1080/14708477.2016.1168053
  • Baker, W. (2018). English as a lingua franca and intercultural communication. In J. Jenkins, W. Baker, & M. Dewey (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of English as a lingua franca (pp. 25-36). Routledge.
  • Bhatia, V. (1993). Analysing genre: Language use in professional settings. Longman.
  • Cheng, F. (2020). Negotiating theoretical implication in management research article discussions. ESP Today, 8(1), 90-113. https://doi.org/10.18485/esptoday.2020.8.1.5
  • Cohen, L, Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education. Routledge.
  • Connor, U. (2004). Journal of English for Academic Purposes. Special issue on contrastive rhetoric in EAP, 3(4).
  • Connor, U. (2011). Intercultural rhetoric in the writing classroom. University of Michigan Press.
  • Cotos, E., Link S., & Huffman, S. (2016). Studying disciplinary corpora to teach the craft of discussion. Writing & Pedagogy, 8(1), 33–64.
  • Curry, M. J. & Lillis, T. (Eds.) (2017). Global academic publishing: policies, perspectives and pedagogies. Studies in knowledge production and participation. Multilingual Matters. http://www.multilingual-matters.com/display.asp?k=
  • Flowerdew, J. (1999). Problems in writing for scholarly publication in English: the case of Hong Kong. Journal of Second Language Writing 8(3), 243-264.
  • Gil-Salom, L., & Soler-Monreal, C. (2014). Writers' positioning in literature reviews in English and Spanish computing doctoral theses. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 16, 23-39.
  • Hanauer, D. I. & Englander, K. (2011). Quantifying the burden of writing research articles in a second language: Data from Mexican scientists. Written Communication 28(4), 403-416.
  • Hanauer, D., Sheridan, C. L., & Englander, K. (2019) Linguistic injustice in the writing of research articles in English as a second language: Data from Taiwanese and Mexican researchers. Written Communication, 36(1), 136-154.
  • Holmes, R. (1997). Genre analysis, and the social sciences: An investigation of the structure of research article Discussion sections in three disciplines. English for Specific Purposes, 16, 321-337.
  • Holliday, A. (2022). Searching for a third-space methodology to contest essentialist large-culture blocks. Language and Intercultural Communication. https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2022.2036180
  • Instituto Cervantes (2015). El español: Una lengua viva. Informe 2015 [Spanish: A living language. 2015 Report]. Instituto Cervantes.
  • Joseph, R. & Miin-Hwa Lim, J. (2019). Directions for the future: A genre-based investigation into recommendations for further research and practical applications in forestry. ESP Today, 7(2), 124-147. https://doi.org/10.18485/esptoday.2019.7.2.1
  • Kecskes, I. (2013). Intercultural pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Kecskes, I. (2016). Can intercultural pragmatics bring some new insight into pragmatic theories? In A. Capone, & J. L. Mey (Eds.), Interdisciplinary Studies in Pragmatics, Culture and Society, Perspectives in Pragmatics, Philosophy & Psychology 4, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-12616-6_3
  • Kwan, B. & H. Chan (2014). An investigation of source use in the results and the closing sections of empirical articles in Information Systems: In search of a functional-semantic citation typology for pedagogical purposes. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 14, 29-42.
  • Lehman, C. & DuFrene, D. (2010). Business Communication. Cengage Learning.
  • Lewin, B. A., Fine, J., & Young, L. (2001). Expository discourse: A genre-based approach to social science research texts. Continuum.
  • Lillis, T. & Curry, M. J. (2010). Academic writing in a global context: the politics and practices of publishing in English. Routledge.
  • Lin, Y. (2020). Communicating bad news in corporate social responsibility reporting: A genre-based analysis of Chinese companies. Discourse and Communication, 14(1), 22-43.
  • Lindeberg, A. (2004). Promotion and politeness: Conflicting scholarly rhetoric in three disciplines. Åbo Akademi University Press.
  • Martín-Martín, P. (2008). The mitigation of scientific claims in research papers: a comparative study. International Journal of English Studies, 8(2), 133-152.
  • Moreno, A.I. (2010). Researching into English for research publication purposes from an applied intercultural perspective, in M. Ruiz-Garrido, J. C. Palmer-Silveira, & I. Fortanet-Gómez (Eds.), English for professional and Academic purposes (pp. 57-71). Rodopi.
  • Moreno, A. I. (2013, June). Compiling comparable corpora of research articles for writing teaching purposes through interdisciplinary collaboration. Paper presentation at the 7th Conference of the European Association for the Teaching of Academic Writing. Central European University, Budapest, Hungary.
  • Moreno, Ana I. (2015, October). The effect of national/international audience on the rhetorical structure of research article Discussion sections. Paper presented at the pRIsEAL Conference, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
  • Moreno, A. I. (2021). Selling research in RA discussion sections through English and Spanish: An intercultural rhetoric approach. English for specific purposes, 63, 1-17.
  • Moreno, A.I. (2022). To be, or not to be, selfcritical? Writing Discussion and/or Closing sections in English and Spanish social science research articles. Esp Today, 10(2), 221-244.
  • Moreno, A. I., Rey-Rocha, J., Burgess, S., López-Navarro, I., & Sachdev, I. (2012). Spanish researchers’ perceived difficulty writing research articles for English-medium journals: the impact of proficiency in English versus publication experience. Ibérica, Journal of the European Association of Languages for specific purposes, 24, 157-184.
  • Moreno, A. I., & Sachdev, I. (2019). Course in writing empirical research articles for an international audience: How best to position yourself [Training course]. Escuela de Formación. Universidad de León.
  • Moreno, A. I., & Suárez, L. (2008). A study of critical attitude across English and Spanish academic book reviews. Journal of English for Academic purposes, 7, 15-26.
  • Moreno, A. I., & Swales, J. M. (2018). Strengthening move analysis methodology towards bridging the function-form gap. English for specific purposes, 50, 40-63.
  • Mur-Dueñas, P. (2014). ‘The main contribution of this study is...’ An analysis of statements of contribution in English published research articles and L2 manuscripts. Journal of Writing Research, 5(x), 271-283.
  • Peacock, M. (2002). Communicative moves in the discussion section of research articles. System, 30, 479-497.
  • Pérez-Llantada, C. (2012). Scientific discourse and the rhetoric of globalisation. Continuum.
  • Sheldon, E. (2019). Knowledge construction of discussion/conclusion sections of research articles written by English L1 and L2 and Castilian Spanish L1 writers. Journal of English of Academic Purposes, 37, 1-10.
  • Swales, J. (1981, 2011). Aspects of article introductions. University of Michigan Press.
  • Swales, J. M. (1990). Genre analysis: English in academic and research settings. Cambridge University Press.
  • Swales, J. M. (2004). Research genres. Exploration and applications. Cambridge University Press.
  • Swales, J.M. & Feak, C. (2012). Academic writing for graduate students. Essential tasks and skills. Third Edition. Commentary. The University of Michigan Press.
  • Yang, R. & Allison, D. (2003). Research articles in applied linguistics: Moving from results to conclusions. English for Specific Purposes, 22, 365-385.