Alteraciones de la estructura del pie y del complejo lumbopélvico - cadera tras la práctica del ciclismo

Abstract

OBJECTIVE The main objective of this thesis is to analyze lumbopelvic-hip stability and foot structure behaviors after different cycling efforts. METHODS Three experimental phases have been developed. On the first study, thirtyone elite female road cyclists were self-evaluated with her owns smartphones, before and immediately after finishing their training sessions. Right, left and composite were measured for each exercise test. On the second study, eleven female cyclocross riders participated in this study. A navicular height test in the sitting and standing positions and a navicular drop test were conducted before and immediately after a national cyclocross competition. On the third study, thirty-five female road cyclists assessed her own foot through the Avatar3D Feet application on two occasions separated by 10 minutes. Instep girth, foot length, ball girth, and ball width were registered in sitting and standing positions during the test and retest. RESULTS On the first study, there was a significant time effect on performance for both the SLD and BD tests (p<0.05; η2=0.137), and the SLD and BD tests were increased with respect to the pre-test at 15% and 17%, respectively. On the second study, the navicular height in the sitting position and navicular drop were altered in the non-dominant side of the junior and elite cyclocross riders (p<0.05) when the duration of the race was 50 minutes. However, no significant differences were detected for these variables when the duration of the race was 30 minutes (p<0.05) with youth riders. On the third study, all dependent variables showed ICC range values from moderate to very high with low CV’s (< 6%), evidencing no significant changes in any variable. CONCLUSION The intense efforts that occur in cycling disciplines (an intense cycling training session and a 50-minute cyclocross competition) produces alterations in the lumbopelvic – hip complex stability and the foot structure of the non-dominant foot in female cyclists. The OCTOcore application demonstrated that it was a sensitive tool in detecting these changes caused by an intense cycling session. The Avatar3D Feet application is a reliable for assessing the foot structure. In this way, the mobile applications are easy-to-use tools so that the cyclists themselves can detect the changes derived from the practice of cycling.