Control de la musculatura flexo-extensora de la rodilla en jugadoras de voleibol de alto nivel

  1. Juan José Molina 1
  2. David Rodríguez Ruiz 2
  3. Ignacio Diez Vega 3
  4. Adam L. Kelly 4
  5. Sergio L Jiménez Sáiz 5
  1. 1 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, España
  2. 2 Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, España
  3. 3 Universidad de León, España
  4. 4 Birmingham City University, Reino Unido
  5. 5 Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, España
Revista:
E-Balonmano.com: Revista de Ciencias del Deporte

ISSN: 1885-7019

Año de publicación: 2022

Volumen: 18

Número: 3

Páginas: 221-232

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: E-Balonmano.com: Revista de Ciencias del Deporte

Resumen

El propósito del estudio fue describir, a través de TMG, los cambios producidos en las características mecánicas de la musculatura responsable de la flexo-extensión de la articulación de la rodilla: antes y después de un periodo de entrenamiento, en jugadoras de voleibol de alto nivel competitivo. Así, se controlaron el Vasto Medial (VM), el Recto Femoral (RF), el Vasto Lateral (VL), el Semitendinoso (ST) y el Bíceps Femoral (BF). Además, se presentan los resultados obtenidos en una batería de saltos realizados sobre una plataforma de contacto durante este mismo periodo de entrenamiento: Squat Jump (SJ), Countermovement Jump (CMJ), Salto de Remate (REM) y Salto de Bloqueo (BLQ). Se evaluaron dieciséis jugadoras (edad 20,3 ± 1,7 años; peso corporal: 67,75 ± 9,13 kg.; altura: 178,2 ± 7,1 cm.; IMC: 21,41 ± 1,75 kg/m2) pertenecientes a 2 equipos de Superliga femenina. Los resultados obtenidos muestran claras diferencias en los valores pre-post de todos los parámetros evaluados: Altura de Salto, Velocidad de respuesta normalizada (Vrn), Deformación Máxima radial del músculo (Dm), Tiempo de Activación (Td), Tiempo de Mantenimiento de la contracción (Ts), Tiempo de relajación (Tr); siendo estadísticamente significativos los valores de Vrn del VL (p<0,001; ES=1,11); y encontrando una tendencia estadística en Vrn del RF (p=0,117; ES=0,69). En este sentido, podemos concluir que el entrenamiento produce adaptaciones en la musculatura implicada en la flexo-extensión de la rodilla de jugadoras de voleibol de alto nivel competitivo, y que dichos cambios pueden monitorizarse a través del estudio de la modificación de las características mecánicas musculares evaluadas mediante Tensiomiografía.

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