Physical performance in women's football preseason. Body composition, heart rate and biomarkers, are they important?

  1. Izquierdo Velasco, José María 1
  2. de Benito Trigueros, Ana María 2
  3. Delgado Márquez, Elvira 3
  4. Redondo Castán, Juan Carlos 2
  1. 1 Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of León, Spain.
  2. 2 Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of León.
  3. 3 Department of Economics and Statistics. University of León.
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Revista:
RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte

ISSN: 1885-3137

Año de publicación: 2022

Título del ejemplar: Julio

Volumen: 18

Número: 69

Páginas: 141-154

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte

Resumen

Una pretemporada de fútbol bien diseñada es fundamental para el posterior rendimiento físico del jugador. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar, en este período, los efectos de composición corporal, variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca y biomarcadores fisiológicos en el rendimiento físico en jugadoras de fútbol. Para ello, participaron en el estudio 22 jugadoras amateur (23,68 ± 3,69 años) del mismo equipo. La capacidad de aceleración y de salto, la composición corporal, la carga de esfuerzo percibida, la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca y los niveles de testosterona y cortisol se evaluaron semanalmente durante un período de pretemporada de 5 semanas (de T0 a T5). Lambda de Wilks indicó un valor F significativo en todas las variables excepto el índice de frecuencia cardíaca alta y baja (LF-HF). El post-hoc de Scheffe identificó diferencias entre T0 y todas las semanas en variables antropométricas, y entre T0 y T5 en todas las demás variables. De acuerdo con los análisis de regresión, se reveló un impacto negativo entre el porcentaje de grasa corporal y las capacidades físicas, particularmente con 20 m (-13,77) y 40 m (-14,46) cuando el esfuerzo se mide por el logaritmo de la raíz cuadrada de la media de la diferencia al cuadrado entre latidos adyacentes (RMSSD). Por lo tanto, la presente investigación sugiere que las jugadoras de fútbol amateur que comienzan la temporada de entrenamiento con un porcentaje de grasa corporal más bajo pueden lograr un mejor nivel de condición física en un corto período de tiempo.

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