Estudio ecológico del perfil multi-ubicación de carga externa en baloncesto mediante acelerometría

Abstract

Accelerometry is a method for quantifying external load that is having an exponential application thanks to its integration in electronic performance and tracking systems in team sports. External load has been commonly quantified through displacement (distance and speed), not considering its effect at the neuromuscular level. Therefore, the main objective of this Doctoral Thesis is the analysis of the external load supported by multiple anatomical locations simultaneously in sports movements, specifically in basketball. To do this, a systematic review is carried out, detecting those different technical aspects that require an evaluation prior to registration, as well as that the accelerometers measure the acceleration of the segment to which they are attached. To correct both aspects, an analysis of the precision and reliability of the sensor was performed, the appropriate load index and sampling frequency were identified, as well as a multi-location registration protocol and a battery of evaluations that represent the most common displacements in invasion sports were designed and validated. Finally, the multi-location evaluation of the external load was performed in laboratory and field tests to evaluate the effect of speed, sex and type of movement, as well as to establish individual performance profiles. From these results, trainers will be able to identify the specific external load of each musculoskeletal structure to design individualized programs for physical conditioning, injury prevention and recovery adapted to the muscle groups with the highest external load.