El sistema glutationsu papel en la inactivación de radicales libres, xenobióticos y productos de la peroxidacion de lípido
- Romero, F.J.
- Del Mar Almar, M.
- Monsalve, E.
- Hermenegildo, C.
- Puertas, F.J.
- Llopis, J.F.
- Roma, J.
ISSN: 0212-7113
Année de publication: 1989
Volumen: 6
Número: 1
Pages: 101-112
Type: Article
D'autres publications dans: Revista de toxicología
Résumé
The glutathione (GSH) system is discussed as a xenobiotic detoxication mechanism; it helps also cletoxifying other own substances generated throughout aerobio life in mammals and other species. Most of the xenoblotics which have toxic effects exert this action through the generation of oxidative species, i.e. free radicáis. These may derive from their own molecular features or from the interaction with molecular oxygen. The ¡mportance of the GSH system resides, among others, in the presence of a nucleofilic thiol in the glutathione molecule. The mitochondrial GSH is discussed in somewhat more detail since this cellular oganelle is the one comitted to deal with the highest amount of the oxygen taken up by the cell. A disequilibrium in oxygen free radicáis production and their inactivation, a process that involves GSH in the cell, may leadto membrane lipid peroxidation and subsequent cellulardamage. Some producís of lipid peroxidation i.e. 4-hydroxy-alkenals, have a potent toxic action and their elímination involves also GSH via GSH S-transferases. The applicability of the study of the effect of environmental poisons on some GSH-related enzymatic activities (GSH S-transferases) in different marker species is discussed. This type of study providesinformation about the possible effects of the xenobiotics tested in humans on the different enzymatic activities. Finally, original data are presented about GSH-related enzymatic activities in the peripheral nerve tissue of the rat with special emphasis on the transferase activity towards 4-hydroxy-nonenaland ¡ts protective role in this tissue.