Universities under pressureThe impact of International University Rankings

  1. Javier Vidal García 1
  2. Camino Ferreira Villa 1
  1. 1 Universidad de León
    info

    Universidad de León

    León, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02tzt0b78

Revista:
NAER: Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research

ISSN: 2254-7339

Año de publicación: 2020

Volumen: 9

Número: 2

Páginas: 181-193

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.7821/NAER.2020.7.475 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: NAER: Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research

Resumen

En este trabajo se sintetizan las características de los rankings de las universidades que causan presión o “acoso” sobre las mismas y se analizan las posibles estrategias de acción que pueden llevarse a cabo en el contexto real de los tres principales rankings de universidades (QS, THE, ARWU), sugiriendo las consecuencias para las llamadas “universidades de clase mundial” y el resto (que representan el 95% de ellas). Aunque existe una controversia sobre los criterios de los sistemas de clasificación de universidades, muchas están estableciendo estrategias destinadas a adaptarse a estos criterios e indicadores y a mejorar sus posiciones. Este estudio concluye que los rankings internacionales de universidades no deberían ser una fuente de información muy relevante para considerar la calidad de las universidades, ya que esto puede tener un impacto negativo en el desarrollo de las políticas a medio y largo plazo en la Educación Superior y en ellas mismas. Las universidades deben concentrarse en su misión y deben proporcionar información válida y fiable a todos los interesados sobre el nivel de consecución de sus objetivos.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Aïssaoui, R., & Geringer, M. J. (2018). International business research output and rankings of Asia-Pacific universities: A 40-year time-series analysis. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 35(4), 993–1023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-017-9536-x.
  • Al-Juboori, A. F. M. A., Su, D., & Ko, F. (2012). University ranking and evaluation: Trend and existing approaches. International Journal of Advancements in Computing Technology, 4(5), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.4156/ijact.vol4.issue5.2.
  • Anowar, F., Helal, M. A., Afroj, S., Sultana, S., Sarker, F., & Mamun, K. A. (2015). A Critical Review on World University Ranking in Terms of Top Four Ranking Systems. In K. Elleithy, & T Sobh (Eds.), New Trends in Networking, Computing, E-learning, Systems Sciences, and Engineering (pp. 559–566). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06764-3_72.
  • Aw, T. C., & Sharif, A. (2011). Angst over university rankings. Journal of Health and Translational Medicine, 14(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.22452/jummec.vol14no1.1.
  • Bengoetxea, E., & Buela-Casal, G. (2013). The new multidimensional and user-driven higher education ranking concept of the European Union. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 13(1), 67–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1697-2600(13)70009-7.
  • Blanco-Ramírez, G., & Berger, J. B. (2014). Rankings, accreditation, and the international quest for quality. Quality Assurance in Education, 22(1), 88–104. https://doi.org/10.1108/qae-07-2013-0031.
  • Bougnol, M.L, & Dulá, J. H. (2015). Technical pitfalls in university rankings. Higher Education, 69, 859–866. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-014-9809-y.
  • Climent, V., Michavila, F., & Ripolles, M. (2013). Los rankings universitarios, mitos y realidades [University rankings, myths and realities]. Madrid: Tecnos.
  • Daniela, D., Casani, F., García-Zorita, C., Efraín-García, P., & Sanz-Casado, E. (2012). Visibility in international rankings. Strategies for enhancing the competitiveness of Spanish universities. Scientometrics, 93(3), 949–966. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-012-0749-y.
  • Daraio, C., Bonaccorsi, A., & Simar, L. (2015). Rankings and university performance: A conditional multidimensional approach. European Journal of Operational Research, 244(3), 918–930. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2015.02.005.
  • Dill, David D., & Soo, M. (2005). Academic quality, league tables, and public policy: A cross-national analysis of university ranking systems. Higher Education, 49(4), 495–533. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10734-004-1746-8.
  • Doğan, G., & Al, U. (2019). Is it possible to rank universities using fewer indicators? A study on five international university rankings. Aslib Journal of Information Management, 71(1), 18–37. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajim-05-2018-0118.
  • Elken, M., Hovdhaugen, E., & Stensaker, B. (2016). Global rankings in the Nordic region: challenging the identity of research-intensive universities? Higher Education, 72, 781–795. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10734-015-9975-6.
  • Erkkilä, T. (2014). Global University Rankings, Transnational Policy Discourse and Higher Education in Europe. European Journal of Education, 49(1), 91–101. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12063.
  • Espeland, W. M., & Sauder, M. (2007). Rankings and Reactivity: How Public Measures Recreate Social Worlds. American Journal of Sociology, 113(1), 1–40. https://doi.org/10.1086/517897.
  • European University Association. (2013). Global University Rankings and their impact. Report II, European University Association.. Belgium.
  • Fernández Tuesta, E., Garcia-Zorita, C., Rosario, R., & Sanz-Casado, E. (2019). Does a Country/Region’s Economic Status Affect Its Universities’ Presence in International Rankings? Journal of Data and Information Science, 4(2), 56–78. https://doi.org/10.2478/jdis-2019-0009.
  • Fowles, J., Frederickson, H. G., & Koppell, J. G. S. (2016a). University Rankings: Evidence and a Conceptual Framework. Public Administration Review, 76(5), 790–803. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/puar.12610.
  • Fowles, J., Frederickson, H. G., & Koppell, J. G. S. (2016b). University Rankings: Evidence and a Conceptual Framework. Public Administration Review, 76(5), 790–803. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/puar.12610.
  • Ganga-Contreras, F., San Martin, W. S. S., & Viancos, P. (2019). University rankings as a tool for institutional evaluation: an analysis of used methodologies in international instruments. Revista inclusiones, 6(4), 367–382.
  • García-Aracil, A., Gabaldón, D., Mora, J.-G., & Vila, L. E. (2007). The relationship between life goals and fields of study among young European graduates. Higher Education, 53, 843–865. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10734-005-7517-3.
  • Goglio, V. (2016). One size fits all? A different perspective on university rankings. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 38(2), 212–226. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080x.2016.1150553.
  • Gupta, M., Shaheen, M., & Reddy, K. P. (2018). Qualitative techniques for workplace data analysis, IGI Global. United States. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12064.
  • Hazelkorn, E. (2008). Learning to Live with League Tables and Ranking: The Experience of Institutional Leaders. Higher Education Policy, 21, 193–215. https://dx.doi.org/10.1057/hep.2008.1.
  • Hazelkorn, E., Loukkola, T., & Zhang, T. (2013). Rankings in Institutional Strategies and Processes: Impact or Illusion?, European University Association. Belgium. Retrieved from https://eua.eu/downloads/publications/rankings%20in%20institutional%20strategies%20and%20processes%20impact%20or%20illusion.pdf.
  • Horstschräer, J. (2012). University rankings in action? The importance of rankings and an excellence competition for university choice of high-ability students. Economics of Education Review, 31(6), 1162–1176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2012.07.018.
  • Jabnoun, N. (2015). The influence of wealth, transparency, and democracy on the number of top ranked universities. Quality Assurance in Education, 23(2), 108–122. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-012-0749-y.
  • Kaycheng, S. (2015). What the Overall doesn’t tell about world university rankings: examples from ARWU, QSWUR, and THEWUR in 2013. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 37(3), 295–307. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2015.1035523.
  • Kehm, B.M. (2014). Global University Rankings - Impacts and Unintended Side Effects. European Journal of Education, 49(1), 102–112. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12064.
  • Lauder, A., Sari, R., Suwartha, N., & Tjahjono, G. (2015). Critical review of a global campus sustainability ranking: GreenMetric. Journal of Cleaner Production, 108, 852–863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.02.080.
  • Lim, M. (2017). The building of weak expertise: the work of global university rankers. Higher Education, 75, 415–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-017-0147-8.
  • Locke, W. (2014). The intensification of rankings logic in an increasingly marketised higher education environment. European Journal of Education, 49(1), 77–90. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12060.
  • Lynch, K. (2015). Control by numbers: new managerialism and ranking in higher education. Critical Studies in Education, 56(2), 190–207. https://doi.org/10.1080/17508487.2014.949811.
  • Margison, S. (2014). University Rankings and Social Science. European Journal of Education, 49(1), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12061.
  • Mengual-Andrés, S. (2013). Rethinking the role of Higher Education. Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research, 2(1), 01–02. https://doi.org/10.7821/naer.2.1.1-2.
  • Millot, B. (2015). International rankings: Universities vs. higher education systems. International Journal of Educational Development, 40, 156–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2014.10.004.
  • Mora, J.-G., Ferreira, C., Vidal, M.-J., & Vieira, M. (2015). Higher education in Albania: developing third mission activities. Tertiary Education and Management, 21, 29–40. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13583883.2014.994556.
  • O'Connell, C. (2015). An examination of global university rankings as a new mechanism influencing mission differentiation: the UK context. Tertiary Education and Management. Tertiary Education and Management, 21, 111–126. https://doi.org/10.1080/13583883.2015.1017832.
  • Olcay, G., & Bulu, M. (2017). Is measuring the knowledge creation of universities possible? A review of university rankings. Technological Forecasting Social Change, 123, 153–160. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.03.029.
  • Pavel, A. (2015). Global university rankings - a comparative analysis. Procedia Economics and Finance, 26, 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00838-2.
  • Pérez-Díaz, V., & Rodríguez, J. (2014). La comunidad universitaria Española opine [The opinion of the Spanish University Community. Madrid: Fundación Europea Sociedad y Educación.
  • Perez Mejias, P., Chiappa, R., & Guzmán-Valenzuela, C. (2018). Privileging the Privileged: The Effects of International University Rankings on a Chilean Fellowship Program for Graduate Studies Abroad. Social Sciences, 7(243), 2–23. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci7120243.
  • Tofallis, C. (2012). A different approach to university rankings. Higher Education, 63, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-011-9417-z.
  • Vladimirovich, N., & Nikolayevna, I. (2013). University rankings as a tool to enhance competitiveness, clustering and transnational governance of higher education in the context of globalization. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 16(3), 357–361.
  • Wilson, L. (2011). Global University Rankings and their impact. EUA Rankings Review. Paper presented at SEFI Conference. Lisbon.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet