Influencia de los espacios verdes urbanos en la salud mental

  1. Judit Merayo Rodríguez
  2. Serrano Fuentes, Néstor
  3. Marqués Sánchez, María del Pilar
Revue:
Metas de enfermería

ISSN: 1138-7262

Année de publication: 2016

Volumen: 19

Número: 9

Type: Article

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Résumé

Objetivo: describir cómo afecta la presencia de espacios verdes de las ciudades a la salud mental de los ciudadanos. Método: revisión narrativa de artículos de revistas científicas en salud mental y en diseño ambiental. Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science (WOS). Los criterios de inclusión fueron artículos publicados entre los años 2010 y 2015 en revistas científicas con factor de impacto que hagan referencia a estudios empíricos sobre cómo afectan las zonas verdes urbanas a la salud mental de los individuos. Resultados: veintinueve estudios fueron incluidos en la revisión. La evidencia apoyó que la presencia de espacios verdes en las ciudades se relaciona con mejores niveles de salud mental en la población, afectando sobre todo a niveles de estrés, ansiedad, duración del sueño, rendimiento académico y autopercepción de la salud. Conclusiones: estos hallazgos abren un nuevo campo de actuación para el profesional de la Enfermería, participando en equipos multidisciplinares que planifiquen y diseñen espacios medioambientales saludables. Este planteamiento tiene una aplicación práctica en las políticas sanitarias, la prevención de la enfermedad mental y la promoción de la salud.

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