Análisis biomecánico de la competición de 3000 m obstáculos
- Ogueta-Alday, Ana
- Muñoz Molleda, Fernando
- García López, Juan
ISSN: 1579-1726, 1988-2041
Argitalpen urtea: 2014
Zenbakia: 26
Orrialdeak: 157-162
Mota: Artikulua
Beste argitalpen batzuk: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación
Laburpena
The purpose of this study was to analyze the kinematic variables of both steeplechase and steeplechase water jumps, their relationship with performance, and the influence of some factors such as gender and fatigue during a 3000 m steeplechase competition. Two races of the XVII Athletics Meeting Ciudad de Mataró (National Trials for London-2012 Olympic Games) were recorded. Thirty-five athletes were analyzed (19 male and 16 female) and classified into 3 groups according to their competition performance level compared to the World Record. Images were digitalized by a 2D kinematic analysis (Kinescan-IBV). The results showed that some biomechanical variables of the steeplechase jump (steeplechase velocity, step length and percentage of flight time) and steeplechase water jump (steeplechase velocity and its decrease over the laps) were related to performance. Other variables were sensitive to the gender (steeplechase jump: steeplechase/competition velocity ratio and step length/steeplechase velocity ratio; steeplechase water jump: steeplechase/competition velocity ratio). The variables which were not related to performance, gender or fatigue allowed establishing reference values for training (e.g. takeoff distance of ~53-55% in the steeplechase jump and ~35-39% in the steeplechase water jump). In conclusion, this is the first study that simultaneously analyzed the biomechanics of both steeplechase and steeplechase water jumps during a 3000 m steeplechase competition, relating biomechanical variables to performance and gender. The comparisons with respect to previous studies indicated that the females had a short step length in the steeplechase, and that both male and female should improve their steeplechase water jump technique.
Erreferentzia bibliografikoak
- Balsalobre-Fernández, C., Tejero-González, C.M., Del Campo-Vecino, J., & Bavaresco, N. (2014). The concurrent validity and reliability of a low-cost, high-speed camerabased method for measuring the flight time of vertical jumps. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(2), 528- 533.
- Barris, T. (2009a). Referentes históricos de los 3000 metros obstáculos femeninos. Barris.org. <http://www.barris.org/ noticiaslinks/3000femenino.html> [consulta 10/12/2013]
- Barris, T. (2009b). Referentes históricos de los 3000 metros obstáculos masculinos. Barris.org. <http://www.barris.org/ noticiaslinks/3000_obs_mascu.html> [consulta 10/12/2013]
- Bollschweiler, L. (2008). A Biomechanical Analysis of Male and Female Intermediate Hurdlers and Steeplechasers. Trabajo de Master, Brigham Young University, Provo.
- Cala, A., Veiga, S., García, A., & Navarro, E. (2009). Previous cycling not affect running efficiency during a triathlon world cup competition. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 49(2), 152-158.
- Chortiatinos, G.X., Panoutsakopoulos, V., & Kollias, I.A. (2010). 3D Biomechanical Analysis of Galina-Samitova’s Steeplechase Hurdling. IAAF, 25(3/4), 81-93.
- Hunter I., & Hunter, R. (2004) A History of the Steeplechase (1849-2004). biomech.byu.edu. < http://biomech.byu.edu/ Portals/82/docs/steeplechase/history.pdf > [consulta 10/12/ 2013]
- Hunter, I., & Bushnell, T. (2006). Steeplechase barriers affect women less than men. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 5(2), 318-322.
- Hunter, I., Lindsay, B.K., & Andersern, K.R. (2008). Gender differences and biomechanics in the 3000 m steeplechase water jump. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 7(2), 218-222.
- IAAF. (2012). The XXX Olympic Games – Final 3000 Metres Steeplechase – men. iaaf.org. < http://www.iaaf.org/results/ olympic-games/2012/the-xxx-olympic-games-4871/men/ 3000-metres-steeplechase/final/result > [consulta 13/03/ 2014]
- Krustrup, P., & Bangsbo, J. (2001). Physiological demands of top-class soccer refereeing in relation to physical capacity: effect of intense intermittent exercise training. Journal of Sports Sciences, 19(11), 881-891.
- McDonald, C., & Dapena, J. (1991a). Angular momentum in the men’s 110-m and women’s 100-m hurdles races. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 23(12), 1392-1402.
- McDonald, C., & Dapena, J. (1991b). Linear kinematics of the men’s 110-m and women’s 100-m hurdles races. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 23(12), 1382-1391.
- Ogden, C.L., Fryar, C.D., Carroll, M.D., & Flegal, K.M. (2004). Mean body weight, height, and body mass index, United States 1960-2002. Advance Data, 27(347), 1-17.
- Salo, A., Grimshaw, P.N., & Marar, L. (1997a). 3-D biomechanical analysis of sprint hurdles at different competitive levels. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29(2), 231-237.
- Salo, A., Grimshaw, P.N., & Viitasalo, J.T. (1997b). Reliability of variables in the kinematic analysis of spring hurdles. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29(3), 383- 389.
- Salo, A.I., & Scarborough, S. (2006). Changes in technique within a sprint hurdle run. Sports Biomechanics, 5(2), 155-166.