Evolución reciente y perspectivas futuras de las entidades de depósito en España

Résumé

The Financial System plays a key role in the economic growth and development of any country. More concretely, the deposit entities -composed by banks, savings banks, and credit co-operatives- are the main economical agents in charge of channelling the saving which is generated by the spending units with surplus, towards the spending units with deficit. A number of facts have contributed to important transformations in the Spanish deposit entities, as for example the incorporation of Spain to the European Community in 1986, the liberalization of the market rates in 1987, the liberalization of offices in 1989, the implementation of the single market in 1993 and the subsequent monetary union in 1999. The goal of this work is to analyze the evolution of the Spanish credit entities between 1996 and 2005, determining the development of the sector and its financial operations, and paying special attention to the credits and deposits, as well as the various margins which operate in the market. The research also includes a presentation of the main challenges to be faced in the future. In order to achieve those previous goals, the methodology to be followed in this research is based on the information provided by Chapter 4 of the Statistics Bulletin of the Bank of Spain, basicly dedicated to the deposit entities during the period of study 1996-2005. The final target is to determine the main features in the evolution of this kind of entities in Spain during the last decade, establishing the challenges and horizons to achieve in the coming future. The research would also greatly contribute to the follow up and further analysis of other previous studies, by complementing and enhancing the results achieved in previous works.