Investigaciones sobre la aplicabilidad en edificación de materiales acústicos procedentes de la valorización de residuos

Abstract

The origin of the present Doctoral Thesis is the needed to find acoustic materials that could serve as an alternative to the traditionally acoustic materials. These new acoustical materials are based on natural or recycled materials. With the recovery and reuse of these materials, it will be able to eliminate a substantial portion of these, in addition, to achieve a reduction in the production cost of the new materials by not having to start from scratch in obtaining raw materials, therefore, to focus efforts on obtaining new more sustainable materials is a basic starting point for greater environmental sustainability. First, a major review of the materials and recent works about the use of natural and recycled materials used in building construction was realized. A comprehensive review of the physical and mechanical properties involved in the acoustic performance of materials and techniques and models for predicting the performance of acoustic materials to be used in construction is also realized. We have focused on two possibilities: materials used as porous sound absorbers and materials used as elastic underlays for floating floor. We have studied various types of materials, recycled materials coming from the shredding of tires from heavy vehicles, cork granulates coming from stoppers for drinks or natural materials such as expanded clays. From these materials, it has been obtained the properties to evaluate their performance as porous sound absorber. Different underlays are also studied to asses their effectiveness in floating floors