Repercusiones orgánicas de la infección experimental por Ascaris suum en el cerdo ibérico

Resumo

A study has been carried out for the knowledge of ascariasis in the iberian pig population, both in natural conditions of extensividad in experimental conditions. To do this we analyzed a total of 95 animals from different farms in the region of Extremadura and a total of 69 infected animals and/or immunized on an experimental basis. We analyzed different samples of all the pigs, for his studies parasitological, immunological, histopathological, immunohistochemical and zootechnical purposes. Experimental pigs were distributed in 7 lots, including batch control, reinfected and immunized. The 61.1 % of the animals in natural conditions were found to be positive to Ascaris suum, of which 42 % had me in adults in the intestine and the 49.5 % had parasite eggs in stool. In addition, the immune serum analysis, demonstrated by both the technique and ELISA and Western blotting that pigs infected with patent showed lower levels of antibodies that the intestinal adults who did not have. For its part, the results of the experimental ascariasis showed that continuing reinfections with eggs of the parasite confer a high degree of protection to a possible post-larval migration. However, animals immunized with the protein of 14 kDa showed almost 93 % of protection at pulmonary level, forging a new path to the possibility of the control of ascariasis by means of vaccination. In addition, infection and immunization produced a significant increase in the level of IgG and IgM antibodies, although these immunoglobulin levels did not correlate strongly with the levels of protection, in terms of reduction of the number of spots of milk and larvae in lung cancer. For its part, the histopathological study showed a strong cellular infiltrate and fibroblastic in animals immunized and the formation of granulomas parasitic organisms in animals reinfected. The immunohistochemical study showed the existence of a large number of antigenic tank both at the level of the liver, lung and bowel and a large deposit of immunoglobulins, especially of the isotype IgA. Finally, in the reinfections and immunizations do not significantly influence the weight gain of pigs, although there was a reduction of the amount of total fatty acids in the liver tissue in animals very damaged, due to fibrosis caused by the formation of stains of milk